Multiple issues regarding Webview2’s behavior under a Citrix environment.
Solution
We found information about unwanted behavior under a Citrix environment that other users have had due to Citrix's API hooks interfering with the Webview2: Webview2 application running in a Citrix environment · Issue #1082 · MicrosoftEdge/WebView2Feedback
According to them, adding the Webview2 process as an exception to the Citrix API hooks fixed the issue.
This can be done by following the instructions in How to Disable Citrix API Hooks on a Per-application Basis.
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